Hmong Populations and Primary Education
(Compiled by Mark E. Pfeifer, PhD)
Vue, Z. et al. (2023). “Stories from Hmong in STEMM.” Trends in Genetics. 39(8): 587-592
.
Xiong, Z.B., et al. (2022). “Role of Family and Social Capital on Hmong Children’s Perceived Academic Competence.” Hmong Studies Journal, 24: 1-47.
Lee, M.S. (2020). Untwining Threads: Second Wave Hmong Parents' Conceptualizations of Ways to Support Their Adolescent Children's Education. PhD Dissertation, Northern Illinois University.
Spycher, P. et al. (2020) "Culturally sustaining disciplinary language and literacy instruction for Hmong-American children." Theory Into Practice, 59:1, 89-98.
Vang, M.Y. (2019). Reframing the Concept of Parental Involvement in Primary and Secondary Education: Community Cultural Wealth in the Hmong Community. EdD Dissertation, Mills College.
Xiong, Z.B, Nickodem, K., St. Charles, J., Lee, S.K., Braughton, J., Vue, C. and N. Lo. (2019). "Influence of Perceived Parental Involvement on Hmong Children’s Academic Performance." Hmong Studies Journal. 20: 1-39.
Lo, B. (2018) "Criminalization and Second-Generation Hmong American Boys." Amerasia Journal, 44:2, 113-126.
Ngo, B., Dyke, E. and J. LoBello. (2018). "Connecting as `Family' in Educative Relationships: Insights From a Media Program Serving Hmong Immigrant Youth." Urban Education 2018, Vol. 53(9) 1126–1153.
Thao, S. (2018). Early Childhood Special Education: Hmong Parents' Perceptions and Experiences with Early Childhood Special Education. MA Thesis, Mills College.
Her, K. (2015). Title: Hmong Parent Involvement through Shared Reading. M.A. Thesis, California State University, Sacramento.
Moua, K.N.L & P.D Vang (2015) Constructing “Hmong American Youth”: A Critical Discourse Analysis of 25 Years of Academic Literature on Hmong American Youth, Child & Youth Services, 36:1, 16-29.
Moua, N. (2015). The Missing Voice of Hmong Parents: Studying Supports and Obstacles to Parent-School Communication. M.A. Thesis, Washington State University.
Lee, K.K. (2014). Parents' Perspectives on Hmong Students' Academic Challenges in Reading and Mathematics. EdD Dissertation. Alliant International University.
DePouw, C. (2012). "When Culture implies Deficit: Placing Race at the Center of Hmong American Education."
Race, Ethnicity, and Education, 15(2): 223-239.
Xiong, Y.S. (2012). "Hmong Americans’ Educational Attainment: Recent Changes and Remaining Challenges."
Hmong Studies Journal, Vol. 13(2).
Mahowald, M.C. (2011). Fourth Grade Hmong Students’ Reading Proficiency. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of
Minnesota.
Lee, X.W. (2009). The Elementary and Middle School Principal’s Role in the Involvement of Mong Parents in their
Children’s Education. Ed.D. Dissertation, University of the Pacific.
Kan, P.F. and K. Kohnert. (2008). “Fast Mapping by Bilingual Preschool Children.” Journal of Child Language. 35
(3): 495-514.
Lee, S.J. and M.R. Hawkins. (2008). “`Family is Here’: Learning in Community-Based After-School Programs.”
Theory Into Practice 47(1): 51-58.
Xiong, Z.B., Yang, K.K., and J.K. Lee. (2008). “What Helps and Hinders Hmong Pre-Kindergartners’ School
Readiness: Learning from and about the Hmong in St. Paul, Minnesota.” Research Report for Ready 4 K. April
2008.
Adler, S.M. (2007). “Hmong Home-School Relations.” In Clara C. Park, Editor, Asian American Education,
Acculturation, Literacy Development and Learning. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
Ngo, B., Bigelow, M., and K. Wahlstrom. (2007). "The Transition of Wat Tham Krabok Hmong Children to Saint
Paul Public Schools: Perspectives of Teachers, Principals, and Hmong Parents." Hmong Studies Journal, Vol 8,
2007
Ngo, B. and S.J. Lee. (2007). “Complicating the Image of Model Minority Success: A Review of Southeast Asian
American Education.” Review of Educational Research 77(4): 415-53.
Burt, S.M. and H. Yang. (2005). “Growing Up Shifting: Immigrant Children, Their Families, and the Schools.” In
Denham, K. and A. Lobeck (Eds). Language in the Schools: Integrating Linguistic Knowledge into K-12
Teaching. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, pp. 29-39.
Kohnert, Kathryn; Dongsun Yim; Nett, Kelly; Pui Fong Kan; Duran, Lillian.Intervention With Linguistically Diverse
Preschool Children: A Focus on Developing Home Language(s). Language, Speech, & Hearing Services in
Schools, Jul2005, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p251, 13p
Pui Fong Kan; Kohnert, Kathyrn.Preschoolers Learning Hmong and English: Lexical-Semantic Skills in L1 and
L2. Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research, Apr2005, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p372, 12p, 4 charts, 2 graphs;
Vang, C.T. (2005). “Hmong-American Students Still Face Multiple Challenges in Public Schools.” Multicultural
Education 13(1): 27-42.
Ceric, Meliha. (2004). Education of Hmong Children in Minnesota: 1975-2004: The Integration of Hmong
Immigrants into American Society. M.A. Thesis, Minnesota State University, Mankato.
Lie, Gwat-Yong, Pahoua Yang, Kalyani Rai and Pa Y. Vang. (2004). “Hmong Children and Families.” In Culturally
Competent Practice With Immigrant and Refugee Children and Families, editor, Rowena Fong. New York: The
Guilford Press, 122-145.
Vang, Christopher T. (2004). "Hmong-American K-12 Students and the Academic Skills needed for a College
Education: A Review of the Existing Literature and Suggestions for Future Research." Hmong Studies Journal,
Volume 5. www.hmongstudies.org
Vang, Halee and Manuel T. Barrera. "Hmong Parents’ Perceptions on Instructional Strategies for Educating their
Children with Disabilities." Hmong Studies Journal, Volume 5. www.hmongstudies.org
Preston, Jodi. (1999). An investigation of Hmong students' performance on four standardized cognitive ability
tests. M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin, Stout.
Yang, A.T. (1999). "Hmong-American Students: Challenges and Opportunities." In Asian-American Education:
Prospects and Challenges. C.C. Park and M.M. Chi, Editors. Westport, CT: Bergin and Harvey. 218-236.
Gozali-Lee, Edith M; Mueller, Daniel P. (1998). Early school performance of Hmong children in comparative
context. St. Paul. MN: Wilder Research Center.
Lamb, John Cotton. (1998). Cross-age, paired, interactive tutoring: Personal agency, literate behaviors, and
metacognition of Hmong American fifth graders. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Colorado.
Yang, Sou Vanh. (1998). The impact of the home environment on Hmong children's academic performance in
the education system. M.S.W. thesis, California State University, Stanislaus.
Marshall, L. (1997). Literacy in the Hmong Preschool Classroom. MA Thesis, Hamline University.
Carroll, Susanne Dennington (1996). Resiliency and the Hmong child growing up in Fresno: An ethnographic
narrative with drawings, PsyD dissertation. California School of Professional Psychology – Fresno.
Inoway-Ronnie, Eden Toshiko (1996). Teachers' constructions of cultural diversity: An ethnographic study of two
multiethnic and multiracial Head Start classrooms, PhD dissertation. The University of Wisconsin – Madison.
Jackson, Jesse. (1996). A study of fourth grade Hmong children in an ESL classroom. M.S. thesis, University of
Wisconsin, Stout.
Mueller, Daniel P. et. al. (1996). Early School Performance of Hmong Children in Comparative Context. Paper
presented at the Head Start National Research Conference (3rd, Washington, DC, June 20-23, 1996). 21 pp.
Kelly, C. (1992). Teaching Hmong Literacy Skills to Elementary Students: Its Effect on English Reading
Competencies. Master’s Thesis, California State University, Chico.
Meyer C. (1992). Hmong Children and Their Families: Consideration of Cultural Influences in Assessment.
American Journal of Occupational Therapy 46:737-744.
Hurt, C. (1991). The Cognitive Style of Hmong Elementary Students in Northern California. Master’s Thesis,
California State University, Chico.
Bliatout, B.T., B.T. Downing, J. Lewis and D. Yang (1988). Handbook for Teaching Hmong-Speaking Students.
Folsom, CA: Folsom Cordova Unified School District.
Jacobs, Lila (1987). Differential Participation And Skills Level In Four Hmong Third Grade Students: The Social
And Cultural Context Of Teaching And Learning, PhD dissertation. University of California – Santa Barbara.
Miles, N.D. (1986). English Negatives In Oral Production Of Three Spanish, Swedish, and Hmong Sixth Graders,
PhD dissertation. University of California – Santa Barbara.
(Compiled by Mark E. Pfeifer, PhD)
Vue, Z. et al. (2023). “Stories from Hmong in STEMM.” Trends in Genetics. 39(8): 587-592
.
Xiong, Z.B., et al. (2022). “Role of Family and Social Capital on Hmong Children’s Perceived Academic Competence.” Hmong Studies Journal, 24: 1-47.
Lee, M.S. (2020). Untwining Threads: Second Wave Hmong Parents' Conceptualizations of Ways to Support Their Adolescent Children's Education. PhD Dissertation, Northern Illinois University.
Spycher, P. et al. (2020) "Culturally sustaining disciplinary language and literacy instruction for Hmong-American children." Theory Into Practice, 59:1, 89-98.
Vang, M.Y. (2019). Reframing the Concept of Parental Involvement in Primary and Secondary Education: Community Cultural Wealth in the Hmong Community. EdD Dissertation, Mills College.
Xiong, Z.B, Nickodem, K., St. Charles, J., Lee, S.K., Braughton, J., Vue, C. and N. Lo. (2019). "Influence of Perceived Parental Involvement on Hmong Children’s Academic Performance." Hmong Studies Journal. 20: 1-39.
Lo, B. (2018) "Criminalization and Second-Generation Hmong American Boys." Amerasia Journal, 44:2, 113-126.
Ngo, B., Dyke, E. and J. LoBello. (2018). "Connecting as `Family' in Educative Relationships: Insights From a Media Program Serving Hmong Immigrant Youth." Urban Education 2018, Vol. 53(9) 1126–1153.
Thao, S. (2018). Early Childhood Special Education: Hmong Parents' Perceptions and Experiences with Early Childhood Special Education. MA Thesis, Mills College.
Her, K. (2015). Title: Hmong Parent Involvement through Shared Reading. M.A. Thesis, California State University, Sacramento.
Moua, K.N.L & P.D Vang (2015) Constructing “Hmong American Youth”: A Critical Discourse Analysis of 25 Years of Academic Literature on Hmong American Youth, Child & Youth Services, 36:1, 16-29.
Moua, N. (2015). The Missing Voice of Hmong Parents: Studying Supports and Obstacles to Parent-School Communication. M.A. Thesis, Washington State University.
Lee, K.K. (2014). Parents' Perspectives on Hmong Students' Academic Challenges in Reading and Mathematics. EdD Dissertation. Alliant International University.
DePouw, C. (2012). "When Culture implies Deficit: Placing Race at the Center of Hmong American Education."
Race, Ethnicity, and Education, 15(2): 223-239.
Xiong, Y.S. (2012). "Hmong Americans’ Educational Attainment: Recent Changes and Remaining Challenges."
Hmong Studies Journal, Vol. 13(2).
Mahowald, M.C. (2011). Fourth Grade Hmong Students’ Reading Proficiency. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of
Minnesota.
Lee, X.W. (2009). The Elementary and Middle School Principal’s Role in the Involvement of Mong Parents in their
Children’s Education. Ed.D. Dissertation, University of the Pacific.
Kan, P.F. and K. Kohnert. (2008). “Fast Mapping by Bilingual Preschool Children.” Journal of Child Language. 35
(3): 495-514.
Lee, S.J. and M.R. Hawkins. (2008). “`Family is Here’: Learning in Community-Based After-School Programs.”
Theory Into Practice 47(1): 51-58.
Xiong, Z.B., Yang, K.K., and J.K. Lee. (2008). “What Helps and Hinders Hmong Pre-Kindergartners’ School
Readiness: Learning from and about the Hmong in St. Paul, Minnesota.” Research Report for Ready 4 K. April
2008.
Adler, S.M. (2007). “Hmong Home-School Relations.” In Clara C. Park, Editor, Asian American Education,
Acculturation, Literacy Development and Learning. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
Ngo, B., Bigelow, M., and K. Wahlstrom. (2007). "The Transition of Wat Tham Krabok Hmong Children to Saint
Paul Public Schools: Perspectives of Teachers, Principals, and Hmong Parents." Hmong Studies Journal, Vol 8,
2007
Ngo, B. and S.J. Lee. (2007). “Complicating the Image of Model Minority Success: A Review of Southeast Asian
American Education.” Review of Educational Research 77(4): 415-53.
Burt, S.M. and H. Yang. (2005). “Growing Up Shifting: Immigrant Children, Their Families, and the Schools.” In
Denham, K. and A. Lobeck (Eds). Language in the Schools: Integrating Linguistic Knowledge into K-12
Teaching. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, pp. 29-39.
Kohnert, Kathryn; Dongsun Yim; Nett, Kelly; Pui Fong Kan; Duran, Lillian.Intervention With Linguistically Diverse
Preschool Children: A Focus on Developing Home Language(s). Language, Speech, & Hearing Services in
Schools, Jul2005, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p251, 13p
Pui Fong Kan; Kohnert, Kathyrn.Preschoolers Learning Hmong and English: Lexical-Semantic Skills in L1 and
L2. Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research, Apr2005, Vol. 48 Issue 2, p372, 12p, 4 charts, 2 graphs;
Vang, C.T. (2005). “Hmong-American Students Still Face Multiple Challenges in Public Schools.” Multicultural
Education 13(1): 27-42.
Ceric, Meliha. (2004). Education of Hmong Children in Minnesota: 1975-2004: The Integration of Hmong
Immigrants into American Society. M.A. Thesis, Minnesota State University, Mankato.
Lie, Gwat-Yong, Pahoua Yang, Kalyani Rai and Pa Y. Vang. (2004). “Hmong Children and Families.” In Culturally
Competent Practice With Immigrant and Refugee Children and Families, editor, Rowena Fong. New York: The
Guilford Press, 122-145.
Vang, Christopher T. (2004). "Hmong-American K-12 Students and the Academic Skills needed for a College
Education: A Review of the Existing Literature and Suggestions for Future Research." Hmong Studies Journal,
Volume 5. www.hmongstudies.org
Vang, Halee and Manuel T. Barrera. "Hmong Parents’ Perceptions on Instructional Strategies for Educating their
Children with Disabilities." Hmong Studies Journal, Volume 5. www.hmongstudies.org
Preston, Jodi. (1999). An investigation of Hmong students' performance on four standardized cognitive ability
tests. M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin, Stout.
Yang, A.T. (1999). "Hmong-American Students: Challenges and Opportunities." In Asian-American Education:
Prospects and Challenges. C.C. Park and M.M. Chi, Editors. Westport, CT: Bergin and Harvey. 218-236.
Gozali-Lee, Edith M; Mueller, Daniel P. (1998). Early school performance of Hmong children in comparative
context. St. Paul. MN: Wilder Research Center.
Lamb, John Cotton. (1998). Cross-age, paired, interactive tutoring: Personal agency, literate behaviors, and
metacognition of Hmong American fifth graders. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Colorado.
Yang, Sou Vanh. (1998). The impact of the home environment on Hmong children's academic performance in
the education system. M.S.W. thesis, California State University, Stanislaus.
Marshall, L. (1997). Literacy in the Hmong Preschool Classroom. MA Thesis, Hamline University.
Carroll, Susanne Dennington (1996). Resiliency and the Hmong child growing up in Fresno: An ethnographic
narrative with drawings, PsyD dissertation. California School of Professional Psychology – Fresno.
Inoway-Ronnie, Eden Toshiko (1996). Teachers' constructions of cultural diversity: An ethnographic study of two
multiethnic and multiracial Head Start classrooms, PhD dissertation. The University of Wisconsin – Madison.
Jackson, Jesse. (1996). A study of fourth grade Hmong children in an ESL classroom. M.S. thesis, University of
Wisconsin, Stout.
Mueller, Daniel P. et. al. (1996). Early School Performance of Hmong Children in Comparative Context. Paper
presented at the Head Start National Research Conference (3rd, Washington, DC, June 20-23, 1996). 21 pp.
Kelly, C. (1992). Teaching Hmong Literacy Skills to Elementary Students: Its Effect on English Reading
Competencies. Master’s Thesis, California State University, Chico.
Meyer C. (1992). Hmong Children and Their Families: Consideration of Cultural Influences in Assessment.
American Journal of Occupational Therapy 46:737-744.
Hurt, C. (1991). The Cognitive Style of Hmong Elementary Students in Northern California. Master’s Thesis,
California State University, Chico.
Bliatout, B.T., B.T. Downing, J. Lewis and D. Yang (1988). Handbook for Teaching Hmong-Speaking Students.
Folsom, CA: Folsom Cordova Unified School District.
Jacobs, Lila (1987). Differential Participation And Skills Level In Four Hmong Third Grade Students: The Social
And Cultural Context Of Teaching And Learning, PhD dissertation. University of California – Santa Barbara.
Miles, N.D. (1986). English Negatives In Oral Production Of Three Spanish, Swedish, and Hmong Sixth Graders,
PhD dissertation. University of California – Santa Barbara.
