Adaptation of Older Hmong Adults
Compiled by Mark E. Pfeifer, PhD
Vang, C. (2019). Loneliness Experiences of Hmong Older Adults: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Study. PhD Dissertation, Arizona State University.
Lor, M. and B.J. Bowers. (2018). "Hmong Older Adults’ Perceptions of Insider and Outsider Researchers Does It Matter for Research Participation?" Nursing Research, May/June 2018, Vol 67, No 3, 222–230.
Nguyen, A.L. & David W. Seal. (2014). "Cross-Cultural Comparison of Successful AgingDefinitions Between Chinese and Hmong Elders in the United States." Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology 29:153–171.
Vang, M.Y. (2013). For whom is “Successful Aging” Relevant?: (Re)defining the Aging Experience through the Voices of Hmong Elders. MA Thesis, University of California, Los Angeles.
Gerdner, L.A. (2012). "Shamanism: Indications and Use by Older Hmong Americans with Chronic Illness."
Hmong Studies Journal, Vol 13(1).
Nguyen, A.L. (2012). Cultural perspectives, lifecourse, and the social ecology of successful aging: The views of
Chinese and Hmong elders. PhD Dissertation, Medical College of Wisconsin.
Yang, M.S., Burr, J.A. and J.E. Mutchler. (2012). "The Prevalence of Sensory Deficits, Functional Limitations,
and Disability Among Older Southeast Asians in the United States." Journal of Aging and Health 24: 1252-1274.
Detzner, D.F., A.R. Senyurekli and Z.B. Xiong. (2008). "Escape from Harm’s Way: The Experiences of Southeast
Asian Elders and their Families."Hmong Studies Journal, Volume 9: 1-30.
Gerdner, L.A. (2008). "Translating Research Findings Into a Hmong American Children’s Book to Promote
Understanding of Persons with Alzheimer’s Disease." Hmong Studies Journal, Volume 9: 1-21.
Gerdner, L.A., Cha, D., Yang, D. and T. Tripp-Reimer. (2007). “The Circle of Life: End-of-Life Care and Death
Rituals for Hmong-American Elders.” Journal of Gerontological Nursing 33(5): 20-29.
Gerdner, L.A, Xiong, S.V., and D. Cha. (2006). “Chronic Confusion and Memory Impairment in Hmong Elders.”
Journal of Gerontological Nursing 32(3): 23-30.
Gerdner, L.A., Xiong X.X., and D. Yang (2006). “Working with Hmong American Families.” In G. Yeo and D.
Gallagher-Thompson (Eds). Ethnicity and the Dementias, 2nd Edition. Bristo:, PA: Taylor and Francis CRC Press,
pp. 209-230.
Gerdner, L, Tripp-Reimer, T, Yang, D (2005). ”Perception and care of elders with dementia in the Hmong American
community.”INT PSYCHOGERIATR 17: 163-164 Suppl. 2 2005
Detzner, Daniel F. (2004). Elder Voices: Southeast Asian Families in the United States. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira
Press (includes Hmong).
Corlett, Jan Louise (1999). Landscapes and lifescapes: Three generations of Hmong women and their gardens,
PhD dissertation. University of California - Davis
Olson, M.C. (1999). "'The heart still beat, but the brain doesn't answer:' Perception and experience of old-age
dementia in the Milwaukee Hmong community." Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, 20(1), 85-95.
Bennett, Jane A. ; Detzner, Daniel F. (1997). Loneliness in cultural context, A look at the life history narratives of
older Southeast Asian refugee women. In A. Lieblich ; R. Josselson (Eds.), The Narrative Study of Lives (Vol. 5, pp.
113-146). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Detzner, Daniel F. (1996). No Place Without a Home: Southeast Asian Grandparents in Refugee Families.
Generations 20(1): 45-48.
Hones, Donald F. (1996). Adult Learning, Generativity and "Successful" Aging in Multicultural Perspective: A Hmong
American Educational Biography. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research
Association (New York, NY, April 8.
Parker, Martha K. (1996). Loss in the lives of Southeast Asian elders. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Minnesota.
Vang, Say Mao. (1996). A 1995 survey of Hmong veterans of [the] Vietnam War to determine the extent of war
related physical and psychological problems. M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin, Stout.
Lynch, Annette, Detzner, Daniel F. & Eicher, Joanne. (1995). “Hmong American New Year rituals: generational
bonds through dress.” Clothing and Textiles Research Journal , 13(2), 111-120.
Wisconsin Geriatric Education Center. (1995). Enhancing the Provision of Care for Hmong Elderly. Conference
Proceedings, June 2, 1995. Milwaukee, WI: Wisconsin Geriatric Education Center, Marquette University.
Wisconsin Geriatric Education Center. (1995). Blending Cultures: Health Care for Hmong Elderly. Conference
Proceedings, October 20, 1995. Milwaukee, WI: Wisconsin Geriatric Education Center, Marquette University. Foley,
S. (1994). Parental Care Practices of the Hmong Refugees. Master’s Thesis, California State University, Fresno.
Lee, Serge Chia. (1994). Stress, social support systems, and psychosocial well-being of Hmong refugee adults. Ph.D. thesis, University of Washtington.
Pump House Regional Center for the Arts. (1994). Hmong Lives: From Laos to La Crosse: Stories of Eight Hmong
Elders. La Crosse, WI: Pump House Regional Center for the Arts.
Prior. S. (1994). The Significance of Gardening on the Psychological Adjustment of the Hmong Elderly. Master’s
Thesis, San Diego State University.
Bliatout, B. (1993). “Hmong Death Customs: Traditional and Acculturated.” In Ethnic Variations in Dying, Death, and
Grief: Diversity in Universality, edited by D.K. Irish, K.F. Lundquist, and V.J. Nelsen, 79-100. Washington D.C.:
Taylor and Francis, 1993.
Danes, S.M. (1993). "Middle-Generation Hmong Couple Decision Making Patterns." In Cross Cultural Approaches
to Home Management, edited by R.V. Schweitzer, 307-331. Frankfurt am Main: Boulder, CO: Campus Verlag;
Westview Press, 1993.
Sakulnamarka, D. (1992). Life Satisfaction of Middle-Generation Hmong Husbands and Wives. PhD Dissertation,
University of Minnesota.
Sun, W.Y. (1992). An Impact of a Tai Chi Chuan Program on Hmong Older Adults in La Crosse County. Master’s
Thesis, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse.
Yee, B.Y.K. (1992). “Elders in Southeast Asian Refugee Families.” Generations 16 (Summer 1992): 24-47.
Vang, V. (1991). Identifying the Needs of Hmong Parents Experiencing Cultural Conflicts in American Society.
Master’s Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Stout.
Yang, D. (1991). “Generational Conflict Among the Hmong in the United States.” Hmong Forum 2 (1991): 35-38.
Waller, S.R. (1990). Elderly Hmong in Transition: Mental Health, Acculturation, and Learning English. PhD
Dissertation, University of New Mexico, 1990.
Frances, A. and J. Kroll. (1989). “Ongoing Treatment of a Hmong Widow Who Suffers From Pain and Depression.”
Hospital and Community Psychiatry 40 (July 1989): 691-693.
Yee, B.Y.K. (1989). “Loss of One’s Homeland and Culture During the Middle Years.” In Midlife Loss: Coping
Strategies, edited by R.A. Kalish, 281-300. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Hayes, C.L. (1987). “Two Worlds in Conflict: The Elderly Hmong in the United States.” In Ethnic Dimensions of
Aging, edited by D.E. Gelfand and C.M. Barresi, 79-95. New York, Springer, 1987.
Skye, W.C. (1986). “A Practical Procedure to Establish a Client’s Age for Social Security: A Contemporary Problem
Confronting Hmong Immigrants Over Age 65.” Clearinghouse Review 20 (December 1986): 927-934.
Hayes, C.L. (1984). A Study Of Older Hmong Refugees In The United States (Laos, California), PhD dissertation.
The Fielding Institute .
Compiled by Mark E. Pfeifer, PhD
Vang, C. (2019). Loneliness Experiences of Hmong Older Adults: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Study. PhD Dissertation, Arizona State University.
Lor, M. and B.J. Bowers. (2018). "Hmong Older Adults’ Perceptions of Insider and Outsider Researchers Does It Matter for Research Participation?" Nursing Research, May/June 2018, Vol 67, No 3, 222–230.
Nguyen, A.L. & David W. Seal. (2014). "Cross-Cultural Comparison of Successful AgingDefinitions Between Chinese and Hmong Elders in the United States." Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology 29:153–171.
Vang, M.Y. (2013). For whom is “Successful Aging” Relevant?: (Re)defining the Aging Experience through the Voices of Hmong Elders. MA Thesis, University of California, Los Angeles.
Gerdner, L.A. (2012). "Shamanism: Indications and Use by Older Hmong Americans with Chronic Illness."
Hmong Studies Journal, Vol 13(1).
Nguyen, A.L. (2012). Cultural perspectives, lifecourse, and the social ecology of successful aging: The views of
Chinese and Hmong elders. PhD Dissertation, Medical College of Wisconsin.
Yang, M.S., Burr, J.A. and J.E. Mutchler. (2012). "The Prevalence of Sensory Deficits, Functional Limitations,
and Disability Among Older Southeast Asians in the United States." Journal of Aging and Health 24: 1252-1274.
Detzner, D.F., A.R. Senyurekli and Z.B. Xiong. (2008). "Escape from Harm’s Way: The Experiences of Southeast
Asian Elders and their Families."Hmong Studies Journal, Volume 9: 1-30.
Gerdner, L.A. (2008). "Translating Research Findings Into a Hmong American Children’s Book to Promote
Understanding of Persons with Alzheimer’s Disease." Hmong Studies Journal, Volume 9: 1-21.
Gerdner, L.A., Cha, D., Yang, D. and T. Tripp-Reimer. (2007). “The Circle of Life: End-of-Life Care and Death
Rituals for Hmong-American Elders.” Journal of Gerontological Nursing 33(5): 20-29.
Gerdner, L.A, Xiong, S.V., and D. Cha. (2006). “Chronic Confusion and Memory Impairment in Hmong Elders.”
Journal of Gerontological Nursing 32(3): 23-30.
Gerdner, L.A., Xiong X.X., and D. Yang (2006). “Working with Hmong American Families.” In G. Yeo and D.
Gallagher-Thompson (Eds). Ethnicity and the Dementias, 2nd Edition. Bristo:, PA: Taylor and Francis CRC Press,
pp. 209-230.
Gerdner, L, Tripp-Reimer, T, Yang, D (2005). ”Perception and care of elders with dementia in the Hmong American
community.”INT PSYCHOGERIATR 17: 163-164 Suppl. 2 2005
Detzner, Daniel F. (2004). Elder Voices: Southeast Asian Families in the United States. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira
Press (includes Hmong).
Corlett, Jan Louise (1999). Landscapes and lifescapes: Three generations of Hmong women and their gardens,
PhD dissertation. University of California - Davis
Olson, M.C. (1999). "'The heart still beat, but the brain doesn't answer:' Perception and experience of old-age
dementia in the Milwaukee Hmong community." Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, 20(1), 85-95.
Bennett, Jane A. ; Detzner, Daniel F. (1997). Loneliness in cultural context, A look at the life history narratives of
older Southeast Asian refugee women. In A. Lieblich ; R. Josselson (Eds.), The Narrative Study of Lives (Vol. 5, pp.
113-146). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Detzner, Daniel F. (1996). No Place Without a Home: Southeast Asian Grandparents in Refugee Families.
Generations 20(1): 45-48.
Hones, Donald F. (1996). Adult Learning, Generativity and "Successful" Aging in Multicultural Perspective: A Hmong
American Educational Biography. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research
Association (New York, NY, April 8.
Parker, Martha K. (1996). Loss in the lives of Southeast Asian elders. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Minnesota.
Vang, Say Mao. (1996). A 1995 survey of Hmong veterans of [the] Vietnam War to determine the extent of war
related physical and psychological problems. M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin, Stout.
Lynch, Annette, Detzner, Daniel F. & Eicher, Joanne. (1995). “Hmong American New Year rituals: generational
bonds through dress.” Clothing and Textiles Research Journal , 13(2), 111-120.
Wisconsin Geriatric Education Center. (1995). Enhancing the Provision of Care for Hmong Elderly. Conference
Proceedings, June 2, 1995. Milwaukee, WI: Wisconsin Geriatric Education Center, Marquette University.
Wisconsin Geriatric Education Center. (1995). Blending Cultures: Health Care for Hmong Elderly. Conference
Proceedings, October 20, 1995. Milwaukee, WI: Wisconsin Geriatric Education Center, Marquette University. Foley,
S. (1994). Parental Care Practices of the Hmong Refugees. Master’s Thesis, California State University, Fresno.
Lee, Serge Chia. (1994). Stress, social support systems, and psychosocial well-being of Hmong refugee adults. Ph.D. thesis, University of Washtington.
Pump House Regional Center for the Arts. (1994). Hmong Lives: From Laos to La Crosse: Stories of Eight Hmong
Elders. La Crosse, WI: Pump House Regional Center for the Arts.
Prior. S. (1994). The Significance of Gardening on the Psychological Adjustment of the Hmong Elderly. Master’s
Thesis, San Diego State University.
Bliatout, B. (1993). “Hmong Death Customs: Traditional and Acculturated.” In Ethnic Variations in Dying, Death, and
Grief: Diversity in Universality, edited by D.K. Irish, K.F. Lundquist, and V.J. Nelsen, 79-100. Washington D.C.:
Taylor and Francis, 1993.
Danes, S.M. (1993). "Middle-Generation Hmong Couple Decision Making Patterns." In Cross Cultural Approaches
to Home Management, edited by R.V. Schweitzer, 307-331. Frankfurt am Main: Boulder, CO: Campus Verlag;
Westview Press, 1993.
Sakulnamarka, D. (1992). Life Satisfaction of Middle-Generation Hmong Husbands and Wives. PhD Dissertation,
University of Minnesota.
Sun, W.Y. (1992). An Impact of a Tai Chi Chuan Program on Hmong Older Adults in La Crosse County. Master’s
Thesis, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse.
Yee, B.Y.K. (1992). “Elders in Southeast Asian Refugee Families.” Generations 16 (Summer 1992): 24-47.
Vang, V. (1991). Identifying the Needs of Hmong Parents Experiencing Cultural Conflicts in American Society.
Master’s Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Stout.
Yang, D. (1991). “Generational Conflict Among the Hmong in the United States.” Hmong Forum 2 (1991): 35-38.
Waller, S.R. (1990). Elderly Hmong in Transition: Mental Health, Acculturation, and Learning English. PhD
Dissertation, University of New Mexico, 1990.
Frances, A. and J. Kroll. (1989). “Ongoing Treatment of a Hmong Widow Who Suffers From Pain and Depression.”
Hospital and Community Psychiatry 40 (July 1989): 691-693.
Yee, B.Y.K. (1989). “Loss of One’s Homeland and Culture During the Middle Years.” In Midlife Loss: Coping
Strategies, edited by R.A. Kalish, 281-300. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Hayes, C.L. (1987). “Two Worlds in Conflict: The Elderly Hmong in the United States.” In Ethnic Dimensions of
Aging, edited by D.E. Gelfand and C.M. Barresi, 79-95. New York, Springer, 1987.
Skye, W.C. (1986). “A Practical Procedure to Establish a Client’s Age for Social Security: A Contemporary Problem
Confronting Hmong Immigrants Over Age 65.” Clearinghouse Review 20 (December 1986): 927-934.
Hayes, C.L. (1984). A Study Of Older Hmong Refugees In The United States (Laos, California), PhD dissertation.
The Fielding Institute .
