HMONG STUDIES NEWSLETTER, WINTER 2025
ABOUT THIS PUBLICATION: The Hmong Studies Newsletter has since 2001 provided a very consistent source of up-to-date information about new works in Hmong Studies and Hmong-related research resources. To access back issues of this online publication dating back to 2001 visit: http://www.hmongstudiesjournal.org/hmong-studies-newsletter.html
Hmong Studies Newsletter Editor: Mark E. Pfeifer, PhD
ABOUT THE HMONG STUDIES INTERNET RESOURCE CENTER:
The Hmong Studies Internet Resource Center (www.hmongstudies.org) is the online home of the Hmong Studies Journal academic journal. This unique scholarly site also contains extensive bibliographies in Hmong Studies as well as census data and an online research paper library.
Most of the Hmong Studies articles, books and dissertations listed in this newsletter and on the website may be found at the Hmong Resource Center Library (www.hmonglibrary.org) at the Hmong Cultural Center in Saint Paul, the largest depository of Hmong Studies academic journal articles and graduate theses and dissertations in the United States. The library also includes a Hmong Studies Virtual Library which includes links to full-text of hundreds of Hmong-related research studies. Hmong Cultural Center also includes a comprehensive museum that teaches visitors about Hmong culture and history and folk arts. (https://www.hmonghistorycenter.org/)
ABOUT THIS PUBLICATION: The Hmong Studies Newsletter has since 2001 provided a very consistent source of up-to-date information about new works in Hmong Studies and Hmong-related research resources. To access back issues of this online publication dating back to 2001 visit: http://www.hmongstudiesjournal.org/hmong-studies-newsletter.html
Hmong Studies Newsletter Editor: Mark E. Pfeifer, PhD
ABOUT THE HMONG STUDIES INTERNET RESOURCE CENTER:
The Hmong Studies Internet Resource Center (www.hmongstudies.org) is the online home of the Hmong Studies Journal academic journal. This unique scholarly site also contains extensive bibliographies in Hmong Studies as well as census data and an online research paper library.
Most of the Hmong Studies articles, books and dissertations listed in this newsletter and on the website may be found at the Hmong Resource Center Library (www.hmonglibrary.org) at the Hmong Cultural Center in Saint Paul, the largest depository of Hmong Studies academic journal articles and graduate theses and dissertations in the United States. The library also includes a Hmong Studies Virtual Library which includes links to full-text of hundreds of Hmong-related research studies. Hmong Cultural Center also includes a comprehensive museum that teaches visitors about Hmong culture and history and folk arts. (https://www.hmonghistorycenter.org/)
RECENT WORKS IN HMONG STUDIES:
Academic Journal Articles/Other
Ian G. Baird (9 December 2024). "The Communist Party of Thailand's education for young children in Northern Laos and Southern China." South East Asia Research. DOI: 10.1080/0967828X.2024.2435293. This article examines the primary education that the Communist Party of Thailand (CPT) provided along the Laos–China border, and the experiences of students and teachers. The situation of Hmong child students trapped in China during the 1980s, and their readjustment once back in Thailand, are also assessed.
Tana Chongsuwat. (2024). "Development of Cervical Cancer Prevention Workshops for Hmong and Karenni Women Through a Community-Academic Partnership." Wisconsin Medical Journal. Volume 13(5): 339-343. This article describes and evaluates the use of community health workers and community-based participatory research in providing community-level interventions related to cervical cancer prevention workshops targeted to Hmong and Karenni women through a community-academic partnership project intended to address these barriers.
Zamzam Dini & Catherine Solheim (17 Sep 2024). "Making Sense of Complexity in Refugee Family Systems: Second-Generation Somali and Hmong Refugee Adults’ Reflections on Their Relationships with Their First-Generation Refugee Parents." International Journal of Systemic Therapy. DOI: 10.1080/2692398X.2024.2403851. This article describes a study which aimed to understand the relationships of 2nd
generation (2G) Hmong and Somali refugees during their formative years with their 1st generation (1G) parents. The authors' note ways that intergenerational trauma affect 2G refugees’ relationships with their parents and added layers of complexity to the normative challenges of adolescent development.
Nguyen Khac Duc. (2024.) "Protestantism among the Hmong People in the Mountainous Region of Contemporary Northern Vietnam." Religions. Volume 15(187): 1-13. This research study, based on textual analysis, participant observations, in-depth interviews, and field trips, seeks to explore the Hmong conversion to Protestantism in Vietnam. The author's focus is on issues relating to the growth of Protestantism and Protestant influence on the Hmong people from 1987 (widely understood to be the beginning of Protestantism in the Hmong community) to the present day.
Guanglin He et al. (2024). "Differentiated genomic footprints suggest isolation and long‑distance migration of Hmong‑Mien populations." BMC Biology. Volume 22(18): 1-26. The authors report on a genetic study in which they identified solid genetic differentiation between Hmong- Mien and Han Chinese populations over different eras including the middle Bronze Age period.
Jianxin Guo. (2024). "Genetic affinity of cave burial and Hmong-Mien populations in Guangxi inferred from ancient genomes." Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. Volume 16(121): 1-11.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-024-02033-1. The authors present genomic data from four ancient individuals from cave burial sites Baitaishan and Huatudong from the Late Yuan to Ming Dynasties (650 − 300 BP) in Guangxi. The researchers identified a strong genetic link between these ancient cave burial groups and present-day Hmong-Mien-speaking populations, particularly the geographically adjacent Baiku Yao population, indicating population stability in the mountainous region of southern China over the past few centuries.
Malina Her and Zha Blong Xiong. (2024). "Self-Reported Reasons for Divorce, Social Support, and Depression: An Exploratory Study With Hmong Women." Journal of Family Issues. Volume 45(4): 813–832.
The researchers used a mixed-methods approach to explore Hmong women’s reasons for divorce, divorce initiation,
and the relationship of social support and depression levels. To analyze findings, a thematic content analysis of written responses in addition to regression models were conducted. The researchers' qualitative findings show the most prominent reasons for divorce reported by Hmong women were personality or life differences, abusive behaviors, and infidelity.
Malina Her, Zha Blong Xiong, and Cahya Haniva Yunizar. (2024). “One man, one life, one marriage”: A qualitative analysis of Hmong women's divorce experiences." Family Process. Volume 63: 612–629.
This research study explores the diverse divorce experiences of Hmong immigrants in the United States. A narrative design with nine Hmong women was used to describe intricate personal stories that highlight such experiences.
Jacob R. Hickman. (2024). "Restoring that which has never been: Hmong millenarianism and the reinvention of tradition." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. Volume 30: 115-134. The author of this research paper explores Hmong Millenarianism movements. The researcher suggests taht Hmong millenarian activism challenge conventional notions of ‘conversion’ and ‘proselytizing." This is because "the intended audience is limited
to fellow Hmong, and because the suasive practices in which these activists engage are actively trying
to rework semiotic connections within a broadly shared Hmong matrix of meaning."
Susie D. Lamborn and Julie Paasch-Anderson. (2024). "From One Generation to the Next: Hmong American Adolescents’ Views of Maternal Racial Socialization." Journal of Adolescent Research. Volume 39(4): 1013–
1047. This research study investigated Hmong American adolescents’ perceptions of their mother as helping them understand race as Asian American youths in an urban context located in the U.S. Midwest.
Lee Her. (2024). "An asymmetrical partnership: The shifting onus of Hmong heritage language teaching from families to dual-language programs." The Modern Language Journal. Volume 108:866–887. This article investigates the First Language Policies (FLPs) of two Hmong–American families in relation to a Hmong–English dual-language program (DLP) where their children are enrolled in California.
Lee Her. (2024). “Then I know Hmong then that way I can eavesdrop on mommy and daddy”: Children’s agency in the heritage language in family language policy." Bilingual Research Journal. Volume 47(3): 237-251. This research study investigates two Hmong American children’s conceptualization of Hmong and the strategies they develop and utilize in their home. Interviews, artifacts, recorded interactions, and video recorded sessions
were collected to gain an understanding of how the children viewed and valued Hmong.
Sangmi Lee. (2024). "Global tourism and local ethnicity: Reconfiguring racial and ethnic relations in central
Laos." Critique of Anthropology. Volume 44(1): 3–20. Based on ethnographic research in a multi-ethnic village in Laos, this article assesses how global tourism reconfigured racial and ethnic relations between foreign tourists and
locals, as well as among villagers of different ethnicities including Hmong.
Sou Lee (2024). "`You Get Hit or You Get Put in Check, at the End of the Day, the Love is Still There': Hmong Culture, Diaspora, Immigration, and Gang Continuity." Justice Quarterly. Volume 41(4): 523-544. This study examines the motivations associated with gang persistence by analyzing life history interviews and ethnographic observations among a sample of 34 current and former Hmong gang members in the United States.
Maichou Lor, et al. (2024). "Development of a culturally appropriate faces pain intensity scale for Hmong Patients." Pain Medicine. Volume 25: 89–92. The purpose of this research study was (1) to characterize outward expressions of pain intensity experienced by Hmong patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) and (2) to co-design a pain intensity scale to improve pain communication for them.
Maichou Lor, et al. (2024). "Evaluating Hearing Status and Word Recognition Ability in the Hmong Population Using Four Validated Monosyllabic White Hmong Dialect Word Recognition Tests." American Journal of Audiology. Volume 33: 311–320. The goal of this research study was to evaluate hearing status and word recognition ability of Hmong speakers using four validated monosyllabic word recognition tests in the White Hmong dialect as well as to assess the relationship between the participant’s language and the average word recognition percent correct scores, adjusting for age, gender, and degree of hearing loss.
Jessica McKenzie, et al. (2024). "`Like Being in Purgatory”: Cultural Identity Mapping Centers Hmong American Experiences of Biculturalism." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. Volume 00(0): 1-26. This study examines what it means to be bicultural to Hmong American emerging adults living in central California. Twenty-four participants (Mage = 21.92 years) constructed a cultural identity map that portrayed what it means to them to be “Hmong American,” described both their cultural identity map content and their process of constructing it,
and completed the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM).
Jean Michaud and Simon Bilodeau (2024) Infrastructure Meets Infrapolitics: Emic Negotiation of State and Market Inputs in Upland Northern Vietnam, The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 25:2, 129-151. This study investigates how the Hmong in Northern Vietnam, use, cope with, adjust to, and contest these infrastructures and related changes. Utilizing an emic perspective, the authors provide "an ethnographic account of social change of a marginal people at the crossroad of infrastructures and infrapolitics."
Jennifer Needle et al. (2024). "`We Feel Alone and Not Listened To': Parents’ Perspectives on Pediatric Serious Illness Care in Somali, Hmong, and Latin American Communities." Annals of Family Medicine. Volume 22(3): 215-222. The authors of this article explore parents’ perspectives of their children’s health care for serious illness from Somali, Hmong, and Latin-American communities in Minnesota.
Bic Ngo and Thong Vang. (2024) "Re-membering pedagogy: reclaiming Hmong heritage and belonging within a youth theater program." Diaspora, Indigenous, and Minority Education. Volume 18(4): 299-312. This research article uses ethnographic research to examine the re-membering pedagogy of Hmong immigrant educators. The sudy "explicates the ways in which the work of Hmong immigrant educators within a theater project recenters Hmong ethnicity, reveals marginalization, and re-affirms family."
Tien Shi. (2024). "Translocating Trajectories, Transnational Mobilities: The Cross-border Migration and Livelihoods of Hmong in the Tri-state Area Between China, Vietnam, and Laos." China Perspectives. Volume 138: 21-31. This research study investigates the transborder activities of the Hmong people within the tri-state area
of China, Vietnam, and Laos. The author emphasizes their adaptive strategies in the face of evolving geopolitical
and economic contexts.
Margaret Walker, et al. (2024). "Survival of the Hmong population diagnosed with colon and rectal cancers in the United States." Cancer Medicine. Volume 13: 1-11. This study assesses characteristics of the Hmong population diagnosed with in colorectal cancer (CRC) as well as survival within this population.
Nathan N. White. (2024). "Quantifier float in Hmong." Folia Linguistica. https://doi.org/10.1515/flin-2024-2041.
This linguistic study provides an analysis of quantifier float in Hmong, and suggests that Hmong possesses both bare classifiers and quantifier float (QF), a combination according to the author which was previously unattested in the literature on QF.
Zi-Yang Xia et al. (2024). "Tracing the fine-scale demographic history and recent admixture in Hmong–Mien speakers." American Journal of Biological Anthropology. Volume 184: 1-15. The authors of this study generated genome-wide data from 65 Yao ethnicity samples and analyze them with published data, particularly by leveraging
haplotype-based methods. The researchers determined "that the fine-scale genetic substructure of Hmong-Mien speakers corresponds better with linguistic classification than with geography."
Yang Gao, et al. (2024). "Reconstructing the ancestral gene pool to uncover the origins and genetic links
of Hmong–Mien speakers." BMC Biology. BMC Biology. Volume 22(59): 1-22. From the authors' abstract: "We made a deep sequencing effort of 80 Yao genomes, and our analysis together with 28 East Asian populations and 968 ancient Asian genomes suggested that there is a strong genetic basis for the formation of the HM (Hmong-Mien) language family. We estimated that the most recent common ancestor dates to 5800 years ago, while the genetic divergence between the HM(Hmong-Mien) and Tai–Kadai speakers was estimated to be 8200 years ago. We proposed that HM (Hmong-Mien) speakers originated from the Yangtze River Basin and spread with agricultural civilization.
Academic Journal Articles/Other
Ian G. Baird (9 December 2024). "The Communist Party of Thailand's education for young children in Northern Laos and Southern China." South East Asia Research. DOI: 10.1080/0967828X.2024.2435293. This article examines the primary education that the Communist Party of Thailand (CPT) provided along the Laos–China border, and the experiences of students and teachers. The situation of Hmong child students trapped in China during the 1980s, and their readjustment once back in Thailand, are also assessed.
Tana Chongsuwat. (2024). "Development of Cervical Cancer Prevention Workshops for Hmong and Karenni Women Through a Community-Academic Partnership." Wisconsin Medical Journal. Volume 13(5): 339-343. This article describes and evaluates the use of community health workers and community-based participatory research in providing community-level interventions related to cervical cancer prevention workshops targeted to Hmong and Karenni women through a community-academic partnership project intended to address these barriers.
Zamzam Dini & Catherine Solheim (17 Sep 2024). "Making Sense of Complexity in Refugee Family Systems: Second-Generation Somali and Hmong Refugee Adults’ Reflections on Their Relationships with Their First-Generation Refugee Parents." International Journal of Systemic Therapy. DOI: 10.1080/2692398X.2024.2403851. This article describes a study which aimed to understand the relationships of 2nd
generation (2G) Hmong and Somali refugees during their formative years with their 1st generation (1G) parents. The authors' note ways that intergenerational trauma affect 2G refugees’ relationships with their parents and added layers of complexity to the normative challenges of adolescent development.
Nguyen Khac Duc. (2024.) "Protestantism among the Hmong People in the Mountainous Region of Contemporary Northern Vietnam." Religions. Volume 15(187): 1-13. This research study, based on textual analysis, participant observations, in-depth interviews, and field trips, seeks to explore the Hmong conversion to Protestantism in Vietnam. The author's focus is on issues relating to the growth of Protestantism and Protestant influence on the Hmong people from 1987 (widely understood to be the beginning of Protestantism in the Hmong community) to the present day.
Guanglin He et al. (2024). "Differentiated genomic footprints suggest isolation and long‑distance migration of Hmong‑Mien populations." BMC Biology. Volume 22(18): 1-26. The authors report on a genetic study in which they identified solid genetic differentiation between Hmong- Mien and Han Chinese populations over different eras including the middle Bronze Age period.
Jianxin Guo. (2024). "Genetic affinity of cave burial and Hmong-Mien populations in Guangxi inferred from ancient genomes." Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. Volume 16(121): 1-11.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-024-02033-1. The authors present genomic data from four ancient individuals from cave burial sites Baitaishan and Huatudong from the Late Yuan to Ming Dynasties (650 − 300 BP) in Guangxi. The researchers identified a strong genetic link between these ancient cave burial groups and present-day Hmong-Mien-speaking populations, particularly the geographically adjacent Baiku Yao population, indicating population stability in the mountainous region of southern China over the past few centuries.
Malina Her and Zha Blong Xiong. (2024). "Self-Reported Reasons for Divorce, Social Support, and Depression: An Exploratory Study With Hmong Women." Journal of Family Issues. Volume 45(4): 813–832.
The researchers used a mixed-methods approach to explore Hmong women’s reasons for divorce, divorce initiation,
and the relationship of social support and depression levels. To analyze findings, a thematic content analysis of written responses in addition to regression models were conducted. The researchers' qualitative findings show the most prominent reasons for divorce reported by Hmong women were personality or life differences, abusive behaviors, and infidelity.
Malina Her, Zha Blong Xiong, and Cahya Haniva Yunizar. (2024). “One man, one life, one marriage”: A qualitative analysis of Hmong women's divorce experiences." Family Process. Volume 63: 612–629.
This research study explores the diverse divorce experiences of Hmong immigrants in the United States. A narrative design with nine Hmong women was used to describe intricate personal stories that highlight such experiences.
Jacob R. Hickman. (2024). "Restoring that which has never been: Hmong millenarianism and the reinvention of tradition." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. Volume 30: 115-134. The author of this research paper explores Hmong Millenarianism movements. The researcher suggests taht Hmong millenarian activism challenge conventional notions of ‘conversion’ and ‘proselytizing." This is because "the intended audience is limited
to fellow Hmong, and because the suasive practices in which these activists engage are actively trying
to rework semiotic connections within a broadly shared Hmong matrix of meaning."
Susie D. Lamborn and Julie Paasch-Anderson. (2024). "From One Generation to the Next: Hmong American Adolescents’ Views of Maternal Racial Socialization." Journal of Adolescent Research. Volume 39(4): 1013–
1047. This research study investigated Hmong American adolescents’ perceptions of their mother as helping them understand race as Asian American youths in an urban context located in the U.S. Midwest.
Lee Her. (2024). "An asymmetrical partnership: The shifting onus of Hmong heritage language teaching from families to dual-language programs." The Modern Language Journal. Volume 108:866–887. This article investigates the First Language Policies (FLPs) of two Hmong–American families in relation to a Hmong–English dual-language program (DLP) where their children are enrolled in California.
Lee Her. (2024). “Then I know Hmong then that way I can eavesdrop on mommy and daddy”: Children’s agency in the heritage language in family language policy." Bilingual Research Journal. Volume 47(3): 237-251. This research study investigates two Hmong American children’s conceptualization of Hmong and the strategies they develop and utilize in their home. Interviews, artifacts, recorded interactions, and video recorded sessions
were collected to gain an understanding of how the children viewed and valued Hmong.
Sangmi Lee. (2024). "Global tourism and local ethnicity: Reconfiguring racial and ethnic relations in central
Laos." Critique of Anthropology. Volume 44(1): 3–20. Based on ethnographic research in a multi-ethnic village in Laos, this article assesses how global tourism reconfigured racial and ethnic relations between foreign tourists and
locals, as well as among villagers of different ethnicities including Hmong.
Sou Lee (2024). "`You Get Hit or You Get Put in Check, at the End of the Day, the Love is Still There': Hmong Culture, Diaspora, Immigration, and Gang Continuity." Justice Quarterly. Volume 41(4): 523-544. This study examines the motivations associated with gang persistence by analyzing life history interviews and ethnographic observations among a sample of 34 current and former Hmong gang members in the United States.
Maichou Lor, et al. (2024). "Development of a culturally appropriate faces pain intensity scale for Hmong Patients." Pain Medicine. Volume 25: 89–92. The purpose of this research study was (1) to characterize outward expressions of pain intensity experienced by Hmong patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) and (2) to co-design a pain intensity scale to improve pain communication for them.
Maichou Lor, et al. (2024). "Evaluating Hearing Status and Word Recognition Ability in the Hmong Population Using Four Validated Monosyllabic White Hmong Dialect Word Recognition Tests." American Journal of Audiology. Volume 33: 311–320. The goal of this research study was to evaluate hearing status and word recognition ability of Hmong speakers using four validated monosyllabic word recognition tests in the White Hmong dialect as well as to assess the relationship between the participant’s language and the average word recognition percent correct scores, adjusting for age, gender, and degree of hearing loss.
Jessica McKenzie, et al. (2024). "`Like Being in Purgatory”: Cultural Identity Mapping Centers Hmong American Experiences of Biculturalism." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. Volume 00(0): 1-26. This study examines what it means to be bicultural to Hmong American emerging adults living in central California. Twenty-four participants (Mage = 21.92 years) constructed a cultural identity map that portrayed what it means to them to be “Hmong American,” described both their cultural identity map content and their process of constructing it,
and completed the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM).
Jean Michaud and Simon Bilodeau (2024) Infrastructure Meets Infrapolitics: Emic Negotiation of State and Market Inputs in Upland Northern Vietnam, The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 25:2, 129-151. This study investigates how the Hmong in Northern Vietnam, use, cope with, adjust to, and contest these infrastructures and related changes. Utilizing an emic perspective, the authors provide "an ethnographic account of social change of a marginal people at the crossroad of infrastructures and infrapolitics."
Jennifer Needle et al. (2024). "`We Feel Alone and Not Listened To': Parents’ Perspectives on Pediatric Serious Illness Care in Somali, Hmong, and Latin American Communities." Annals of Family Medicine. Volume 22(3): 215-222. The authors of this article explore parents’ perspectives of their children’s health care for serious illness from Somali, Hmong, and Latin-American communities in Minnesota.
Bic Ngo and Thong Vang. (2024) "Re-membering pedagogy: reclaiming Hmong heritage and belonging within a youth theater program." Diaspora, Indigenous, and Minority Education. Volume 18(4): 299-312. This research article uses ethnographic research to examine the re-membering pedagogy of Hmong immigrant educators. The sudy "explicates the ways in which the work of Hmong immigrant educators within a theater project recenters Hmong ethnicity, reveals marginalization, and re-affirms family."
Tien Shi. (2024). "Translocating Trajectories, Transnational Mobilities: The Cross-border Migration and Livelihoods of Hmong in the Tri-state Area Between China, Vietnam, and Laos." China Perspectives. Volume 138: 21-31. This research study investigates the transborder activities of the Hmong people within the tri-state area
of China, Vietnam, and Laos. The author emphasizes their adaptive strategies in the face of evolving geopolitical
and economic contexts.
Margaret Walker, et al. (2024). "Survival of the Hmong population diagnosed with colon and rectal cancers in the United States." Cancer Medicine. Volume 13: 1-11. This study assesses characteristics of the Hmong population diagnosed with in colorectal cancer (CRC) as well as survival within this population.
Nathan N. White. (2024). "Quantifier float in Hmong." Folia Linguistica. https://doi.org/10.1515/flin-2024-2041.
This linguistic study provides an analysis of quantifier float in Hmong, and suggests that Hmong possesses both bare classifiers and quantifier float (QF), a combination according to the author which was previously unattested in the literature on QF.
Zi-Yang Xia et al. (2024). "Tracing the fine-scale demographic history and recent admixture in Hmong–Mien speakers." American Journal of Biological Anthropology. Volume 184: 1-15. The authors of this study generated genome-wide data from 65 Yao ethnicity samples and analyze them with published data, particularly by leveraging
haplotype-based methods. The researchers determined "that the fine-scale genetic substructure of Hmong-Mien speakers corresponds better with linguistic classification than with geography."
Yang Gao, et al. (2024). "Reconstructing the ancestral gene pool to uncover the origins and genetic links
of Hmong–Mien speakers." BMC Biology. BMC Biology. Volume 22(59): 1-22. From the authors' abstract: "We made a deep sequencing effort of 80 Yao genomes, and our analysis together with 28 East Asian populations and 968 ancient Asian genomes suggested that there is a strong genetic basis for the formation of the HM (Hmong-Mien) language family. We estimated that the most recent common ancestor dates to 5800 years ago, while the genetic divergence between the HM(Hmong-Mien) and Tai–Kadai speakers was estimated to be 8200 years ago. We proposed that HM (Hmong-Mien) speakers originated from the Yangtze River Basin and spread with agricultural civilization.
ANNOTATED HMONG STUDIES BIBLIOGRAPHY AVAILABLE
Annotated Bibliography of Hmong-Related Works: 2007-2019 is available from HER Publisher. The book includes annotations of more than 600 Hmong Studies research publications along with author and subject indexes. Order this unique research reference book here: https://herpublisher.com/collections/frontpage/products/annotated-bibliography-of-hmong-related-works-2007-2019
COMPREHENSIVE AND EXPANDED HMONG STUDIES RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHIES ARE ONLINE:
Doing research on a Hmong Studies research topic? More than 40 comprehensive and frequently updated online subject bibliographies of Hmong Studies works are available at the following link: http://www.hmongstudiesjournal.org/hmong-studies-bibliographies.html
A 2007-Present research bibliography is updated every few months with information about the latest research publications in Hmong Studies, online links to full-text are included where applicable:
http://www.hmongstudiesjournal.org/hmong-studies-publications-from-2007-present.html
Doing research on a Hmong Studies research topic? More than 40 comprehensive and frequently updated online subject bibliographies of Hmong Studies works are available at the following link: http://www.hmongstudiesjournal.org/hmong-studies-bibliographies.html
A 2007-Present research bibliography is updated every few months with information about the latest research publications in Hmong Studies, online links to full-text are included where applicable:
http://www.hmongstudiesjournal.org/hmong-studies-publications-from-2007-present.html
